training-data-set-70.txt 65.1 KB
 Cra|Cra|NNP|O  fructose|fructose|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  neg|neg|NNP|O  L2|l2|NN|O  HS2|hs2|NN|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  ompR-8myc|ompr-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 chip-ArcA|chip-arca|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  ArcA8myc|arca8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  delta-arcA|delta-arca|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 chip-ArcA|chip-arca|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  ArcA8myc|arca8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  3|3|CD|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  fur-8myc|fur-8myc|JJ|Gtype 
 Cra|Cra|NNP|O  fructose|fructose|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  WT|WT|NNP|Gtype 
 growth|growth|NN|O  phase|phase|NN|O  :|:|:|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  =|=|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 chip-ArcA|chip-arca|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  ArcA8myc|arca8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  3|3|CD|O 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  cra|cra|NN|Gtype  2|2|CD|O 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|wt|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  ΔompR|δompr|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Then|then|RB|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.3|0.3|CD|Supp  M|m|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  NaCl|nacl|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  pahse|pahse|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|Supp  min|min|NN|Supp  with|with|IN|O  agitation|agitation|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  to|to|TO|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  about|about|IN|OD  0.15|0.15|CD|OD  in|in|IN|O  50|50|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  LB|lb|NN|Med  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  +|+|CC|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  before|before|IN|O  crosslinking|crosslink|VBG|O  .|.|.|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  cra-8myc-tagged|cra-8myc-tagged|JJ|Gtype 
 Δcra|δcra|NN|Gtype  fructose|fructose|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 Δcra|δcra|NN|Gtype  fructose|fructose|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 MG1655|mg1655|NN|Substrain  PhtpG|phtpg|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  lacZ|lacz|NN|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  lacX74/pTG2|lacx74/ptg2|NN|Gtype  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Gtype  vector|vector|NN|Gtype  carrying|carrying|NN|Gtype  inducible|inducible|JJ|Gtype  Ptrc|ptrc|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  rpoH|rpoh|NN|Gtype  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Gtype 
 Ptac|ptac|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  A|a|NN|O  -|-|:|O  16|16|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  WT|wt|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  ∆|∆|NN|O  fnr|fnr|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  O.D.|o.d.|NN|OD  600nm|600nm|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  anerobically|anerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  ,|,|,|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  MOPS|MOPS|NNP|Med  +|+|CC|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  media|media|NNS|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Ref|ref|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 agent|agent|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp 
 SoxS|soxs|NN|O  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anti-myc|anti-myc|JJ|Anti 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  str|str|NN|O  .|.|.|O  K-12|k-12|NN|Strain  substr|substr|NN|O  .|.|.|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|Substrain 
 σ32|σ32|NN|O  43|43|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  short|short|JJ|O  RNase|rnase|NN|O 
 CsiR|csir|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  RNASeq|rnaseq|NN|Technique 
 ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|O  reads|read|VBZ|O  were|be|VBD|O  aligned|align|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  NC|nc|NN|Gversion  _|_|CD|Gversion  000913|000913|CD|Gversion  genome|genome|NN|O  reference|reference|NN|O  sequence|sequence|NN|O  using|use|VBG|O  using|use|VBG|O  bowtie|bowtie|NN|O  v1|v1|NN|O  .0.0|.0.0|CD|O  with|with|IN|O  parameters|parameter|NNS|O  -|-|:|O  S|s|NN|O 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  ,|,|,|O  expressing|express|VBG|O  NsrR|nsrr|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  C-terminal|c-terminal|JJ|O  Flag-tag|flag-tag|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|O  was|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  in|in|IN|O  L|L|NNP|Med  broth|broth|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  1|1|CD|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  ryhB|ryhb|NN|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  ChIPSeq|chipseq|NN|Technique  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  neg|neg|NNP|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS2|hs2|NN|O 
 pT7|pt7|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  ChIPSeq|chipseq|NN|Technique  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  phase|phase|NN|O  :|:|:|O  exponential|exponential|JJ|Phase 
 All|All|NNP|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  used|use|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  this|this|DT|O  study|study|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  E.|e.|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  its|its|PRP$|O  derivatives|derivative|NNS|O  .|.|.|O  The|the|DT|O  deletion|deletion|NN|O  mutants|mutant|NNS|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Δfnr|δfnr|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  ΔarcA|δarca|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  were|be|VBD|O  constructed|construct|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  λ|λ|NN|O  red|red|JJ|O  and|and|CC|O  FLP-mediated|flp-mediated|JJ|O  site-specific|site-specific|JJ|O  recombination|recombination|NN|O  method|method|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Glycerol|glycerol|NN|O  stocks|stock|NNS|O  of|of|IN|O  E.|e.|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  inoculated|inoculate|VBN|O  into|into|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|O  minimal|minimal|JJ|O  medium|medium|NN|O  containing|contain|VBG|O  0.2|0.2|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  w/v|w/v|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  carbon|carbon|NN|O  source|source|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  glucose|glucose|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  and|and|CC|O  0.1|0.1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  w/v|w/v|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  nitrogen|nitrogen|NN|O  source|source|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  cultured|culture|VBN|O  overnight|overnight|JJ|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  constant|constant|JJ|O  agitation|agitation|NN|O  .|.|.|O  The|the|DT|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  diluted|dilute|VBN|O  1:100|1:100|CD|O  into|into|IN|O  fresh|fresh|JJ|O  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  medium|medium|NN|Med  and|and|CC|O  then|then|RB|O  cultured|culture|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  to|to|TO|O  an|a|DT|O  appropriate|appropriate|JJ|O  cell|cell|NN|O  density|density|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  constant|constant|JJ|O  agitation|agitation|NN|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  the|the|DT|O  minimal|minimal|JJ|O  medium|medium|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  flushed|flush|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  nitrogen|nitrogen|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|O  then|then|RB|O  continuously|continuously|RB|O  monitored|monitor|VBN|O  using|use|VBG|O  a|a|DT|O  polarographic-dissolved|polarographic-dissolved|JJ|O  oxygen|oxygen|NN|O  probe|probe|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Cole-Parmer|Cole-Parmer|NNP|O  Instruments|Instruments|NNP|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  to|to|TO|O  ensure|ensure|VB|O  anaerobicity|anaerobicity|NN|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  nitrate|nitrate|JJ|O  respiration|respiration|NN|O  20|20|CD|O  mmol|mmol|NN|O  potassium|potassium|NN|O  nitrate|nitrate|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  .|.|.|O 
 MG1655|mg1655|NN|Substrain  PhtpG|phtpg|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  lacZ|lacz|NN|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  lacX74/ptrc99A|lacx74/ptrc99a|NN|Gtype  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Gtype  control|control|NN|Gtype  vector|vector|NN|Gtype  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Gtype 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  wt|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  3|3|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  acetate|acetate|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 SoxR|soxr|NN|O  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  σ32|σ32|NN|Anti 
 HNS|hns|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 Wild|Wild|NNP|Gtype  type|type|NN|Gtype  control|control|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  0|0|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  -LSB-|-lsb-|-LRB-|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  vs|vs|CC|O  nput|nput|NN|O  -RSB-|-rsb-|-RRB-|O 
 ΔgadW|δgadw|NN|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  1|1|CD|O 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  delta-fnr|delta-fnr|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  3|3|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 cultured|culture|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  :|:|:|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  fructose|fructose|NN|Supp 
 chip-Fnr|chip-fnr|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  Fnr8myc|fnr8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  3|3|CD|O 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|wt|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  gadE|gade|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  gadW|gadw|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  gadX|gadx|NN|O  mutant|mutant|JJ|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  =|=|JJ|O  0.3|0.3|CD|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  250|250|CD|Agit  rpm|rpm|NN|Agit  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  pH|ph|NN|pH  5.5|5.5|CD|pH  .|.|.|O 
 At|at|IN|O  OD450|od450|NN|OD  =|=|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  ,|,|,|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  induced|induce|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  5|5|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  after|after|IN|O  induction|induction|NN|O 
 acetate|acetate|NN|Supp 
 Genome|Genome|NNP|O  _|_|NNP|O  build|build|VB|O  :|:|:|O  NC|nc|NN|Gversion  _|_|CD|Gversion  000913|000913|CD|Gversion 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  65|65|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  LB|lb|NN|O  medium|medium|NN|O  at|at|IN|O  30|30|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  about|about|IN|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  .|.|.|O  Subsequently|subsequently|RB|O  30|30|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  culture|culture|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  transformed|transform|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  a|a|DT|O  pre|pre|JJ|O  warmed|warm|VBN|O  flask|flask|NN|Vess  at|at|IN|O  43|43|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  and|and|CC|O  the|the|DT|O  remainder|remainder|NN|O  kept|keep|VBD|O  at|at|IN|O  30|30|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Temp  see|see|VB|Temp  control|control|JJ|Temp  sample|sample|NN|Temp  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Temp  .|.|.|O 
 At|at|IN|O  OD450|od450|NN|OD  =|=|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  ,|,|,|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  induced|induce|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  20|20|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  after|after|IN|O  induction|induction|NN|O 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  ,|,|,|O  expressing|express|VBG|O  NsrR|nsrr|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  C-terminal|c-terminal|JJ|O  Flag-tag|flag-tag|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|O  was|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  in|in|IN|O  L|L|NNP|Med  broth|broth|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  NaCl|nacl|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 Cra|cra|NN|O  acetate|acetate|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  Anaeroibc|anaeroibc|NN|Air 
 ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|O  reads|read|VBZ|O  were|be|VBD|O  aligned|align|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  NC|nc|NN|Gversion  _|_|CD|Gversion  000913|000913|CD|Gversion  genome|genome|NN|O  reference|reference|NN|O  sequence|sequence|NN|O  using|use|VBG|O  using|use|VBG|O  bowtie|bowtie|NN|O  v1|v1|NN|O  .0.0|.0.0|CD|O  with|with|IN|O  parameters|parameter|NNS|O  -|-|:|O  S|s|NN|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  8|8|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp 
 Sodium|sodium|NN|Supp  phosphate|phosphate|NN|Supp  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Supp  1/100|1/100|CD|Supp  vol|vol|NN|Supp  .|.|.|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  1M|1m|NN|Supp  ,|,|,|Supp  pH|ph|NN|Supp  7.6|7.6|CD|Supp  ;|;|:|Supp  10|10|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  final|final|JJ|Supp  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Supp  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  mid-log|mid-log|NN|Phase  cultures|culture|NNS|O  followed|follow|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  aerobic|aerobic|JJ|O  or|or|CC|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  continued|continue|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  10|10|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cold|Cold|NNP|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  M|m|NN|O  glycine|glycine|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  100mM|100mm|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  the|the|DT|O  mixture|mixture|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  incubated|incubate|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  4|4|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  aerobic|aerobic|JJ|O  or|or|CC|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  to|to|TO|O  stop|stop|VB|O  the|the|DT|O  crosslinking|crosslinking|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  spun|spin|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  3500|3500|CD|O  x|x|CC|O  g|g|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  washed|wash|VBN|O  repeatedly|repeatedly|RB|O  with|with|IN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  buffered|buffer|VBN|O  saline|saline|NN|O  before|before|IN|O  being|be|VBG|O  frozen|freeze|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  -80|-80|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  RNASeq|rnaseq|NN|Technique 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 growth|growth|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air 
 NsrR|nsrr|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|Gtype  Flagtag|flagtag|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  rep3|rep3|NN|O 
 IHF|ihf|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  ChIP-Seq|ChIP-Seq|NNP|Technique  Aerobic|Aerobic|NNP|Air  C|C|NNP|O 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  ChIP-Seq|ChIP-Seq|NNP|Technique  Aerobic|Aerobic|NNP|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  2|2|CD|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  neg|neg|NNP|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS1|hs1|NN|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Wildtype|wildtype|NN|Gtype 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B1|b1|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L2|l2|NN|O  HS2|hs2|NN|O 
 cultured|culture|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  :|:|:|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  none|none|NN|Anti 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  TrpR-8myc|trpr-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  wt|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anti-RpoB|anti-rpob|JJ|Anti  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Neoclone|Neoclone|NNP|O  ,|,|,|O  WP002|wp002|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 OxyR|oxyr|NN|O  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 chip-Fnr|chip-fnr|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  Fnr8myc|fnr8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O 
 Sequenced|sequence|VBN|O  reads|read|VBZ|O  were|be|VBD|O  mapped|map|VBN|O  onto|onto|IN|O  NC|nc|NN|Gversion  _|_|CD|Gversion  000913|000913|CD|Gversion  reference|reference|NN|O  genome|genome|NN|O  sequence|sequence|NN|O  using|use|VBG|O  bowtie|bowtie|NN|O  v1|v1|NN|O  .0.0|.0.0|CD|O  with|with|IN|O  parameters|parameter|NNS|O  -|-|:|O  X|x|NN|O  1000|1000|CD|O  -|-|:|O  n|n|NN|O  2|2|CD|O  -3|-3|CD|O  3|3|LS|O  -|-|:|O  S|s|NN|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  lacking|lack|VBG|Gtype  the|the|DT|Gtype  transcription|transcription|NN|Gtype  factor|factor|NN|Gtype  Fur|Fur|NNP|Gtype 
 ΔsoxR|δsoxr|NN|Gtype  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 NsrR|nsrr|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|Gtype  Flagtag|flagtag|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  rep1|rep1|NN|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  harboring|harbor|VBG|O  ArcA-8myc|arca-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  delta|delta|NN|O  -|-|:|O  cra|cra|NN|Gtype  Knock-out|knock-out|JJ|Gtype  strain|strain|NN|Gtype 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  RNA|rna|NN|Anti  polymerase|polymerase|NN|Anti  subunit|subunit|NN|Anti  β|β|NN|Anti 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B1|b1|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  GA|ga|NN|O 
 OmpR|ompr|NN|O  NaCl|nacl|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  70|70|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  N2|n2|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  25|25|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  O2|o2|CD|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  5|5|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  CO2|co2|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  or|or|CC|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  and|and|CC|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  ~|~|NN|OD  0.3-0.35|0.3-0.35|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  ryhB|ryhb|NN|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 At|at|IN|O  OD450|od450|NN|OD  =|=|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  ,|,|,|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  induced|induce|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  harvested|harvest|VBD|O  0|0|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  after|after|IN|O  induction|induction|NN|O 
 M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  complete|complete|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  ,|,|,|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  30|30|CD|Temp  degrees|degree|NNS|Temp  C|c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  gyratory|gyratory|JJ|Agit  water|water|NN|Agit  bath|bath|NN|Agit  shaking|shake|VBG|Agit  at|at|IN|Agit  240|240|CD|Agit  rpm|rpm|NN|Agit 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  ,|,|,|O  expressing|express|VBG|O  NsrR|nsrr|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  C-terminal|c-terminal|JJ|O  Flag-tag|flag-tag|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|O  was|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  in|in|IN|O  L|L|NNP|Med  broth|broth|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B1|b1|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  GA|ga|NN|O 
 culture|culture|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  fermentive|fermentive|JJ|O  condition|condition|NN|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  oxyR-8myc|oxyr-8myc|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  tagged|tag|VBN|O 
 treatment|treatment|NN|O  :|:|:|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Med  2|2|CD|Med  g/L|g/l|NN|Med  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  W2|w2|NN|Med  medium|medium|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1g/L|1g/l|NN|Supp  arginine|arginine|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 Wild-type|wild-type|JJ|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 ß|ß|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  -|-|:|O  B|b|NN|O 
 ArgR|argr|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  dFNR|dfnr|NN|Gtype  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Gtype  PK4854|pk4854|NN|Gtype  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Gtype 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  ryhB|ryhb|NN|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  wt|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  delta-fnr|delta-fnr|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  gadW-8myc|gadw-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 SeqA|seqa|NN|O  old|old|JJ|O  deltaSeqA|deltaseqa|NN|Gtype 
 agent|agent|NN|O  :|:|:|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp 
 Ptac|ptac|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  A|a|NN|O  -|-|:|O  4|4|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  delta-gadE|delta-gade|NN|Gtype 
 agent|agent|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  and|and|CC|Supp  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|Supp 
 ChIP-Seq|chip-seq|NN|Technique 
 CsiR|csir|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  ChIPSeq|chipseq|NN|Technique 
 genoype|genoype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  dFNR|dfnr|NN|Gtype 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  wild|wild|JJ|Gtype  type|type|NN|Gtype 
 Resulting|result|VBG|O  reads|read|VBZ|O  were|be|VBD|O  aligned|align|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  published|publish|VBN|O  E.|e.|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  genome|genome|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  U00096|u00096|NN|Gversion  .2|.2|NN|Gversion  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  using|use|VBG|O  the|the|DT|O  software|software|NN|O  package|package|NN|O  SOAP|soap|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Li|Li|NNP|O  et|et|FW|O  al|al|FW|O  ,|,|,|O  2009|2009|CD|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  ,|,|,|O  allowing|allow|VBG|O  no|no|RB|O  more|more|JJR|O  than|than|IN|O  two|two|CD|O  mismatches|mismatch|NNS|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Supplemental|Supplemental|NNP|O  File|File|NNP|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O  Reads|read|VBZ|O  aligning|align|VBG|O  to|to|TO|O  repeated|repeated|JJ|O  elements|element|NNS|O  in|in|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  genome|genome|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  e.g.|e.g.|FW|O  rRNA|rrna|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  were|be|VBD|O  removed|remove|VBN|O  from|from|IN|O  analysis|analysis|NN|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  reads|read|VBZ|O  that|that|IN|O  had|have|VBD|O  no|no|DT|O  mapping|mapping|NN|O  locations|location|NNS|O  for|for|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  first|first|JJ|O  36|36|CD|O  bp|bp|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  the|the|DT|O  3-30|3-30|CD|O  bp|bp|NN|O  subsequences|subsequence|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  used|use|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  subsequent|subsequent|JJ|O  mapping|mapping|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  reference|reference|NN|O  genome|genome|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Reads|read|NNS|O  that|that|WDT|O  had|have|VBD|O  unique|unique|JJ|O  mapping|mapping|NN|O  locations|location|NNS|O  and|and|CC|O  did|do|VBD|O  not|not|RB|O  match|match|VB|O  annotated|annotated|JJ|O  rRNA|rrna|NN|O  genes|gene|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  used|use|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  further|further|JJ|O  analysis|analysis|NN|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  each|each|DT|O  gene|gene|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  the|the|DT|O  tag|tag|NN|O  density|density|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  estimated|estimate|VBN|O  as|as|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  number|number|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  aligned|align|VBN|O  sequencing|sequencing|NN|O  tags|tag|NNS|O  divided|divide|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  gene|gene|NN|O  size|size|NN|O  in|in|IN|O  kb|kb|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Per-gene|per-gene|JJ|O  tag|tag|NN|O  density|density|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  normalized|normalize|VBN|O  using|use|VBG|O  quantile|quantile|JJ|O  normalization|normalization|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Supplemental|Supplemental|NNP|O  Files|Files|NNP|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O  The|the|DT|O  tag|tag|NN|O  density|density|NN|O  data|datum|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  analyzed|analyze|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  statistically|statistically|RB|O  significant|significant|JJ|O  differential|differential|JJ|O  expression|expression|NN|O  using|use|VBG|O  BaySeq|BaySeq|NNP|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Hardcastle|Hardcastle|NNP|O  &|&|CC|O  Kelly|Kelly|NNP|O  ,|,|,|O  2010|2010|CD|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  with|with|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  FDR|FDR|NNP|O  of|of|IN|O  0.01|0.01|CD|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  genes|gene|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  organized|organize|VBN|O  into|into|IN|O  operons|operon|NNS|O  using|use|VBG|O  data|datum|NNS|O  from|from|IN|O  EcoCyc|EcoCyc|NNP|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Keseler|Keseler|NNP|O  et|et|FW|O  al|al|FW|O  ,|,|,|O  2011|2011|CD|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  wt|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  wildtype|wildtype|JJ|Gtype 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  ChIP|chip|NN|O  DNA|dna|NN|O  from|from|IN|O  PK4854|pk4854|NN|Gtype 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  ryhB|ryhb|NN|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 Ecoli|ecolus|NNS|O  _|_|VBP|O  dFNR|dfnr|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  rep2|rep2|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air 
 M63|m63|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS1|hs1|NN|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  phase|phase|NN|O  :|:|:|O  mid-log|mid-log|NN|Phase 
 Cultures|culture|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  MOPS|MOPS|NNP|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  containing|contain|VBG|O  10|10|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  FeSO4|feso4|NN|Supp 
 Wild-type|wild-type|JJ|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 Ptac|ptac|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  C|c|NN|O  -|-|:|O  16|16|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  ChIP-Seq|ChIP-Seq|NNP|Technique  Anaerobic|Anaerobic|NNP|Air  ,|,|,|O  Iron|Iron|NNP|Supp  Deficient|Deficient|NNP|O  A|A|NNP|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  and|and|CC|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  and|and|CC|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  volumen|voluman|NNS|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  ten|ten|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  .|.|.|O  Sodium|sodium|NN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  1/100|1/100|CD|O  vol|vol|NN|O  .|.|.|O  of|of|IN|O  1M|1m|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  pH|ph|NN|O  7.6|7.6|CD|O  ;|;|:|O  10|10|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  followed|follow|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  continued|continue|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  10|10|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cold|Cold|NNP|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  M|m|NN|O  glycine|glycine|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  100mM|100mm|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  the|the|DT|O  mixture|mixture|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  incubated|incubate|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  4|4|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  to|to|TO|O  stop|stop|VB|O  the|the|DT|O  crosslinking|crosslinking|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  spun|spin|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  5000|5000|CD|O  x|x|CC|O  g|g|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  washed|wash|VBN|O  repeatedly|repeatedly|RB|O  with|with|IN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  buffered|buffer|VBN|O  saline|saline|NN|O  before|before|IN|O  being|be|VBG|O  frozen|freeze|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  -80|-80|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  16|16|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|Supp  300|300|CD|Supp  µL|µl|NN|Supp  Cm20|cm20|NN|Supp  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  and|and|CC|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  and|and|CC|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  volumen|voluman|NNS|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  ten|ten|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  .|.|.|O  Sodium|sodium|NN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  1/100|1/100|CD|O  vol|vol|NN|O  .|.|.|O  of|of|IN|O  1M|1m|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  pH|ph|NN|O  7.6|7.6|CD|O  ;|;|:|O  10|10|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  followed|follow|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  continued|continue|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  10|10|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cold|Cold|NNP|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  M|m|NN|O  glycine|glycine|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  100mM|100mm|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  the|the|DT|O  mixture|mixture|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  incubated|incubate|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  4|4|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  to|to|TO|O  stop|stop|VB|O  the|the|DT|O  crosslinking|crosslinking|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  spun|spin|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  5000|5000|CD|O  x|x|CC|O  g|g|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  washed|wash|VBN|O  repeatedly|repeatedly|RB|O  with|with|IN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  buffered|buffer|VBN|O  saline|saline|NN|O  before|before|IN|O  being|be|VBG|O  frozen|freeze|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  -80|-80|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Aerobic|Aerobic|NNP|Air  cultures|culture|NNS|O 
 antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anti-FLAG|anti-flag|JJ|Anti  mAb|mab|NN|Anti 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  and|and|CC|O  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 M63|m63|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  neg|neg|NNP|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS1|hs1|NN|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L2|l2|NN|O  HS2|hs2|NN|O 
 Δfur|δfur|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  1|1|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 Genome|Genome|NNP|O  _|_|NNP|O  build|build|VB|O  :|:|:|O  ASM584v2|asm584v2|NN|Gversion 
 Nac|Nac|NNP|O  _|_|NNP|O  ChIPSeq|ChIPSeq|NNP|Technique 
 Δfur|δfur|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 Δcra|δcra|NN|Gtype  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 ChIP-exo|ChIP-exo|NNP|Technique  GadE|gade|NN|O  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  soxS-8myc|soxs-8myc|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  tagged|tag|VBN|O 
 Genome|Genome|NNP|O  _|_|NNP|O  build|build|VB|O  :|:|:|O  Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  genome|genome|NN|O  version|version|NN|O  U00096|u00096|NN|Gversion  .2|.2|NN|Gversion 
 FNR|fnr|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  -|-|:|O  B|b|NN|O 
 Δfur|δfur|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  biotin|biotin|NN|Anti  conjugated|conjugate|VBN|Anti  anti-c-myc|anti-c-myc|JJ|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|Anti 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  delta-soxS|delta-soxs|NN|Gtype 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Combined|Combined|NNP|Gtype  input|input|NN|Gtype 
 treatment|treatment|NN|O  :|:|:|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Med  2|2|CD|Med  g/L|g/l|NN|Med  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  M9|m9|NN|Med  medium|medium|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  without|without|IN|O  20|20|CD|Supp  mg/L|mg/l|NN|Supp  tryptophan|tryptophan|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  WT|WT|NNP|Gtype 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 strain|strain|NN|O  :|:|:|O  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  hns|hn|NNS|Gtype  /|/|:|Gtype  ∆|∆|SYM|Gtype  stpA|stpa|NN|Gtype 
 To|to|TO|O  harvest|harvest|VB|O  total|total|JJ|O  RNA|rna|NN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  overnight|overnight|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  of|of|IN|O  wild|wild|JJ|Gtype  type|type|NN|Gtype  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  LB|lb|NN|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|O  ˚C|˚c|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  diluted|dilute|VBN|O  back|back|RB|O  1:500|1:500|CD|O  in|in|IN|O  either|either|CC|O  fresh|fresh|JJ|O  LB|lb|NN|O  or|or|CC|O  M63|m63|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  medium|medium|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  allowed|allow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  grow|grow|VB|O  until|until|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  reached|reach|VBD|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  ~|~|NN|O  0.4|0.4|CD|O  and|and|CC|O  2.0|2.0|CD|O  for|for|IN|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  LB|lb|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  ~|~|NN|OD  0.4|0.4|CD|OD  for|for|IN|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  M63|m63|NN|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  ~|~|NN|O  0.4|0.4|CD|O  a|a|DT|O  total|total|JJ|O  volume|volume|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  25|25|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  and|and|CC|O  combined|combine|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  5|5|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  stop|stop|NN|O  solution|solution|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  95|95|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  Ethanol|ethanol|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  5|5|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  acid|acid|NN|O  phenol|phenol|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  2.0|2.0|CD|O  a|a|DT|O  total|total|JJ|O  volume|volume|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  5|5|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  and|and|CC|O  combined|combine|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  stop|stop|NN|O  solution|solution|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Lrp|Lrp|NNP|O  _|_|SYM|O  Leu|Leu|NNP|Supp  _|_|SYM|O  1|1|CD|O 
 A|a|NN|O  total|total|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  six|six|CD|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  analyzed|analyze|VBN|O  .|.|.|O  oxyR-8myc|oxyr-8myc|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  soxR-8myc|soxr-8myc|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  soxS-8myc|soxs-8myc|NN|O  tagged|tag|VBD|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  cultured|culture|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Then|then|RB|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  250|250|CD|O  uM|um|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  paraquat|paraquat|NN|O  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  pahse|pahse|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  20|20|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  agitation|agitation|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Δcra|δcra|NN|Gtype  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 HNS|hns|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 FNR|fnr|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  -|-|:|O  Affinity|affinity|NN|O  Purified|purify|VBN|O  -|-|:|O  A|a|NN|O 
 SoxR|soxr|NN|O  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  1|1|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  70|70|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  N2|n2|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  25|25|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  O2|o2|CD|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  5|5|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  CO2|co2|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  or|or|CC|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  and|and|CC|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  ~|~|NN|OD  0.3-0.35|0.3-0.35|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  in|in|IN|O  MOPS|MOPS|NNP|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  containing|contain|VBG|O  10|10|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  FeSO4|feso4|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 RNA-Seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique 
 Δfur|δfur|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 culture|culture|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  nitrate|nitrate|JJ|Supp  respiratory|respiratory|JJ|O  condition|condition|NN|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  ΔarcA|δarca|NN|Gtype 
 ΔgadW|δgadw|NN|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|wt|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  Fur-8-myc|fur-8-myc|NN|O  tagged|tag|VBD|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  iron|iron|NN|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  0.1|0.1|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  FeCl2|fecl2|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  from|from|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  beginning|beginning|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  culture|culture|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  for|for|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  were|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  early-log|early-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  continued|continue|VBD|O  to|to|TO|O  culture|culture|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  additional|additional|JJ|O  2h|2h|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  rifampicin-treated|rifampicin-treated|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  the|the|DT|O  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|O  dissolved|dissolve|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  methanol|methanol|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  a|a|DT|O  final|final|JJ|O  concentration|concentration|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  150|150|CD|O  mg/mL|mg/ml|NN|O  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  stirred|stir|VBD|O  for|for|IN|O  20|20|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Lrp|Lrp|NNP|O  _|_|SYM|O  Leu|Leu|NNP|Supp  _|_|SYM|O  3|3|CD|O 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  1|1|CD|O 
 IHF|ihf|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  gadE-8myc|gade-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 Δcra|δcra|NN|Gtype  acetate|acetate|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  delta-gadX|delta-gadx|NN|Gtype 
 ChIP-exo|ChIP-exo|NNP|Technique  GadW|gadw|NN|O  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 ChIP-Seq|chip-seq|NN|Gversion 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anti-RpoS|anti-rpos|JJ|Anti  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  neoclone|neoclone|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  WP009|wp009|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  harboring|harbor|VBG|O  PurR-8myc|purr-8myc|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  minimal|minimal|JJ|O  M9|m9|NN|O  medium|medium|NN|O  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  2|2|CD|O  g/L|g/l|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  then|then|RB|O  inoculated|inoculate|VBN|O  into|into|IN|O  100mL|100ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  fresh|fresh|JJ|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  medium|medium|NN|Med  .|.|.|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS1|hs1|NN|O 
 Wild|Wild|NNP|Gtype  type|type|NN|Gtype  control|control|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  5|5|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 strain|strain|NN|O  :|:|:|O  PK8263|pk8263|NN|Gtype 
 ß|ß|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  -|-|:|O  A|a|NN|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B1|b1|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  neg|neg|NNP|O  L2|l2|NN|O  HS2|hs2|NN|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  ryhB|ryhb|NN|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air 
 σ32|σ32|NN|O  43|43|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  rep2|rep2|NN|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  medium|medium|NN|O  :|:|:|O  MOPS|MOPS|NNP|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  containing|contain|VBG|O  1|1|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  FeSO4|feso4|NN|Supp 
 At|at|IN|O  OD450|od450|NN|OD  =|=|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  ,|,|,|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  induced|induce|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  after|after|IN|O  induction|induction|NN|O 
 ChIP-exo|ChIP-exo|NNP|Technique  RpoS|rpos|NN|O  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 TrpR|trpr|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp 
 antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Affinity|Affinity|NNP|Anti  Purified|purify|VBN|Anti  FNR|fnr|NN|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|Anti 
 ip|ip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  affinity|affinity|NN|Anti  purified|purify|VBN|Anti  anti-Fur|anti-fur|JJ|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|Anti 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  Fe|Fe|NNP|Supp  1|1|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  2.0|2.0|CD|O  B1|b1|NN|O  TEX|tex|NN|O  neg|neg|NN|O  L1|l1|NN|O  GA|ga|NN|O 
 Nac|Nac|NNP|O  _|_|SYM|O  RNASeq|rnaseq|NN|Technique 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Custom|Custom|NNP|O  anti-Fur|anti-fur|JJ|Anti  polyclonal|polyclonal|JJ|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|Anti 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  to|to|TO|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  about|about|IN|OD  0.15|0.15|CD|OD  in|in|IN|O  100|100|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  LB|lb|NN|Med  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  +|+|CC|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O 
 Wild-type|wild-type|JJ|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Pre-cleared|pre-cleared|JJ|Anti  IHF|ihf|NN|Anti  polyclonal|polyclonal|JJ|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|Anti 
 chip-Fnr|chip-fnr|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  Fnr8myc|fnr8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  3|3|CD|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  lacZ|lacz|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|Gtype  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  tonB|tonb|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|Gtype  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  feoA|feoa|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|Gtype  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  zupT|zupt|NN|Gtype  K12|k12|NN|Gtype 
 To|to|TO|O  harvest|harvest|VB|O  total|total|JJ|O  RNA|rna|NN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  overnight|overnight|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  of|of|IN|O  wild|wild|JJ|Gtype  type|type|NN|Gtype  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  LB|lb|NN|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|O  ˚C|˚c|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  diluted|dilute|VBN|O  back|back|RB|O  1:500|1:500|CD|O  in|in|IN|O  either|either|CC|O  fresh|fresh|JJ|O  LB|lb|NN|O  or|or|CC|O  M63|m63|NN|O  minimal|minimal|JJ|O  glucose|glucose|NN|O  medium|medium|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  allowed|allow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  grow|grow|VB|O  until|until|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  reached|reach|VBD|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  ~|~|NN|O  0.4|0.4|CD|O  and|and|CC|O  2.0|2.0|CD|O  for|for|IN|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  LB|lb|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  an|a|DT|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  ~|~|NN|O  0.4|0.4|CD|O  for|for|IN|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  M63|m63|NN|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  OD600|od600|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  ~|~|NN|O  0.4|0.4|CD|O  a|a|DT|O  total|total|JJ|O  volume|volume|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  25|25|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  and|and|CC|O  combined|combine|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  5|5|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  stop|stop|NN|O  solution|solution|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  95|95|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  Ethanol|ethanol|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  5|5|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  acid|acid|NN|O  phenol|phenol|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  2.0|2.0|CD|OD  a|a|DT|O  total|total|JJ|O  volume|volume|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  5|5|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  harvested|harvest|VBN|O  and|and|CC|O  combined|combine|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|O  ml|ml|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  stop|stop|NN|O  solution|solution|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  ArgR-8myc|argr-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|WT|NNP|O  ,|,|,|O  GadE-8-myc|gade-8-myc|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  GadW-8-myc|gadw-8-myc|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  GadX-8-myc|gadx-8-myc|NN|O  tagged|tag|VBD|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  =|=|JJ|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  250|250|CD|Agit  rpm|rpm|NN|Agit  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  pH|ph|NN|pH  5.5|5.5|CD|pH  .|.|.|O 
 Lrp|Lrp|NNP|O  _|_|SYM|O  Leu|Leu|NNP|Supp  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O 
 Samples|sample|NNS|O  for|for|IN|O  transcriptome|transcriptome|NN|O  analysis|analysis|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  taken|take|VBN|O  from|from|IN|O  exponentially|exponentially|RB|Phase  growing|grow|VBG|Phase  cells|cell|NNS|Phase  .|.|.|O  From|from|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  RNAprotect|rnaprotect|NN|O  Bacteria|bacterium|NNS|O  Reagent|reagent|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Qiagen|qiagen|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  ,|,|,|O  total|total|JJ|O  RNA|rna|NN|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  isolated|isolate|VBN|O  using|use|VBG|O  RNeasy|rneasy|JJ|O  columns|column|NNS|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Qiagen|Qiagen|NNP|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  in|in|IN|O  accordance|accordance|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  manufacturer|manufacturer|NN|O  's|'s|POS|O  instruction|instruction|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 ΔsoxR|δsoxr|NN|Gtype  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  ΔseqA|δseqa|NN|Gtype 
 agent|agent|NN|O  :|:|:|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|Supp  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|Supp 
 carbon|carbon|NN|O  source|source|NN|O  :|:|:|O  acetate|acetate|NN|Supp 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  delta-arcA|delta-arca|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 PurR|purr|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  8|8|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|Supp  300|300|CD|Supp  µL|µl|NN|Supp  Cm20|cm20|NN|Supp  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  and|and|CC|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  and|and|CC|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  volumen|voluman|NNS|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  ten|ten|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  .|.|.|O  Sodium|sodium|NN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  1/100|1/100|CD|O  vol|vol|NN|O  .|.|.|O  of|of|IN|O  1M|1m|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  pH|ph|NN|O  7.6|7.6|CD|O  ;|;|:|O  10|10|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  followed|follow|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  continued|continue|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  10|10|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cold|Cold|NNP|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  M|m|NN|O  glycine|glycine|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  100mM|100mm|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  the|the|DT|O  mixture|mixture|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  incubated|incubate|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  4|4|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  to|to|TO|O  stop|stop|VB|O  the|the|DT|O  crosslinking|crosslinking|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  spun|spin|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  5000|5000|CD|O  x|x|CC|O  g|g|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  washed|wash|VBN|O  repeatedly|repeatedly|RB|O  with|with|IN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  buffered|buffer|VBN|O  saline|saline|NN|O  before|before|IN|O  being|be|VBG|O  frozen|freeze|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  -80|-80|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|wt|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  Δfur|δfur|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  iron|iron|NN|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  0.1|0.1|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  FeCl2|fecl2|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  from|from|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  beginning|beginning|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  culture|culture|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  for|for|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  were|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  early-log|early-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  continued|continue|VBD|O  to|to|TO|O  culture|culture|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  additional|additional|JJ|O  2h|2h|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  RNA|rna|NN|Anti  Polymerase|polymerase|NN|Anti  ß|ß|NN|Anti  monoclonal|monoclonal|JJ|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|Anti  from|from|IN|O  NeoClone|NeoClone|NNP|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  W0002|w0002|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  medium|medium|NN|O  :|:|:|O  MOPS|MOPS|NNP|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  containing|contain|VBG|O  10|10|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  FeSO4|feso4|NN|Supp 
 PurR|purr|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  Adenine|Adenine|NNP|Supp  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  NaCl|nacl|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 genotype|genotype|NN|O  :|:|:|O  gadX-8myc|gadx-8myc|NN|Gtype 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  str|str|NN|O  .|.|.|O  K-12|k-12|NN|Strain  substr|substr|NN|O  .|.|.|O  MG1655star|mg1655star|NN|Substrain 
 library|library|NN|O  strategy|strategy|NN|O  :|:|:|O  ChIP-exo|ChIP-exo|NNP|Technique 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  delta-fnr|delta-fnr|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 treatment|treatment|NN|O  :|:|:|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Med  2|2|CD|Med  g/L|g/l|NN|Med  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  M9|m9|NN|Med  medium|medium|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  10|10|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  leucine|leucine|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  :|:|:|O  250|250|CD|Supp  uM|um|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  paraquat|paraquat|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|NN|Phase  pahse|pahse|NN|Phase  for|for|IN|O  20|20|CD|Supp  min|min|NN|Supp 
 ΔoxyR|δoxyr|NN|Gtype  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 SoxS|soxs|NN|O  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  delta-soxR|delta-soxr|NN|Gtype 
 M63|m63|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS2|hs2|NN|O 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  SeqA|seqa|NN|Anti 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Δfnr|δfnr|NN|Gtype 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  fur|fur|NN|Gtype  Aerobic|aerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 E.|e.|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  cra-8myc|cra-8myc|NN|O  tagged|tag|VBD|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  was|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|O  minimal|minimal|JJ|O  media|media|NNS|O  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  fructose|fructose|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  acetate|acetate|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Genome|Genome|NNP|O  _|_|NNP|O  build|build|VB|O  :|:|:|O  U00096|u00096|NN|Gversion  .2|.2|NN|Gversion  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  GenBank|genbank|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 M63|m63|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B1|b1|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  GA|ga|NN|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  ChIPSeq|chipseq|NN|Technique  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O 
 Wild|Wild|NNP|Gtype  type|type|NN|Gtype  control|control|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 chip-Fnr|chip-fnr|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  Fnr8myc|fnr8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  2|2|CD|O 
 cultured|culture|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  :|:|:|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  acetate|acetate|NN|Supp 
 Cra|Cra|NNP|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 ΔgadX|δgadx|NN|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 LB|lb|NN|Med  0.4|0.4|CD|O  B2|b2|NN|O  TEX|TEX|NNP|O  pos|po|VBZ|O  L1|l1|NN|O  HS1|hs1|NN|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  ChIP-Seq|ChIP-Seq|NNP|Technique  Anaerobic|Anaerobic|NNP|Air  ,|,|,|O  Iron|Iron|NNP|Supp  Deficient|deficient|JJ|O  B|b|NN|O 
 Wild-type|wild-type|JJ|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  A|a|DT|O 
 Ptac|ptac|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  A|a|NN|O  -|-|:|O  8|8|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp 
 Ecoli|ecolus|NNS|O  _|_|VBP|O  wild-type|wild-type|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  rep2|rep2|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air 
 ΔgadE|δgade|NN|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  1|1|CD|O 
 FNR|fnr|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  hns|hn|NNS|Gtype  ∆|∆|VBP|Gtype  stpA|stpa|NN|Gtype  B|b|NN|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  PQ|pq|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|O  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 Ecoli|ecolus|NNS|O  _|_|VBP|O  wild-type|wild-type|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  rep1|rep1|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air 
 A|a|NN|O  total|total|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  two|two|CD|O  samples|sample|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  analyzed|analyze|VBN|O  .|.|.|O  ompR-8myc|ompr-8myc|NN|O  tagged|tag|VBD|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  cultured|culture|VBN|O  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  Then|then|RB|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.3|0.3|CD|Supp  M|m|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  NaCl|nacl|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|NN|Phase  pahse|pahse|NN|Phase  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|Supp  min|min|NN|Supp  with|with|IN|O  agitation|agitation|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  aerobically|aerobically|RB|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  70|70|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  N2|n2|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  25|25|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  O2|o2|CD|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  5|5|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  CO2|co2|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  or|or|CC|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  95|95|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  N2|n2|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  5|5|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  CO2|co2|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  ~|~|NN|OD  0.3-0.35|0.3-0.35|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  .|.|.|O 
 Ptac|ptac|NN|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  :|:|:|Gtype  fnr|fnr|NN|Gtype  -|-|:|O  B|b|NN|O  -|-|:|O  8|8|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|wt|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  Fur-8-myc|fur-8-myc|NN|O  tagged|tag|VBD|O  strains|strain|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  iron|iron|NN|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  0.1|0.1|CD|Supp  mM|mm|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  FeCl2|fecl2|NN|Supp  were|be|VBD|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  from|from|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  beginning|beginning|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  culture|culture|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  for|for|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  cells|cell|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  0.2|0.2|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|O  were|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  early-log|early-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  continued|continue|VBD|O  to|to|TO|O  culture|culture|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  additional|additional|JJ|O  2h|2h|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O  For|for|IN|O  the|the|DT|O  rifampicin-treated|rifampicin-treated|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  ,|,|,|O  the|the|DT|O  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|Supp  dissolved|dissolve|VBN|Supp  in|in|IN|Supp  methanol|methanol|NN|Supp  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  a|a|DT|O  final|final|JJ|O  concentration|concentration|NN|O  of|of|IN|O  150|150|CD|Supp  mg/mL|mg/ml|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  phase|phase|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  stirred|stir|VBD|O  for|for|IN|O  20|20|CD|Supp  min|min|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 σ32|σ32|NN|O  30|30|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  rep2|rep2|NN|O 
 WT|wt|JJ|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  RNA-seq|rna-seq|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  tonB|tonb|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|Gtype  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  feoA|feoa|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|Gtype  -LCB-|-lcb-|-LRB-|Gtype  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  -RCB-|-rcb-|-RRB-|Gtype  zupT|zupt|NN|Gtype  K12|k12|NN|Gtype 
 ChIP-exo|ChIP-exo|NNP|Technique  GadE|gade|NN|O  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  1|1|CD|O 
 genotype/variation|genotype/variation|NN|O  :|:|:|O  delta|delta|NN|Gtype  _|_|SYM|Gtype  cra|cra|FW|Gtype 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  9E10|9e10|CD|Anti  Myc|myc|NN|Anti  tag|tag|NN|Anti  antibody|antibody|NN|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Aerobic|Aerobic|NNP|Air 
 chip|chip|NN|O  antibody|antibody|NN|O  :|:|:|O  anti-myc|anti-myc|JJ|Anti  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  Santa|Santa|NNP|O  Cruz|Cruz|NNP|O  Biotech|Biotech|NNP|O  ,|,|,|O  sc-28207|sc-28207|NN|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O 
 ΔompR|δompr|NN|Gtype  NaCl|nacl|NN|Supp  1|1|CD|O 
 RpoB|rpob|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  DPD|dpd|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|O  rifampicin|rifampicin|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Technique  ChIP-exo|chip-exo|NN|Technique  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Technique 
 growth|growth|NN|O  phase|phase|NN|O  :|:|:|O  stationary|stationary|JJ|Phase 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  ChIP-Seq|ChIP-Seq|NNP|Technique  Aerobic|Aerobic|NNP|Air  A|A|NNP|O 
 ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  ryhB|ryhb|NN|Gtype  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air 
 affyexp|affyexp|JJ|O  _|_|NN|O  wt|wt|JJ|Gtype  _|_|NN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4Cl|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NO3|no3|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  3|3|CD|O  .|.|.|O  CEL|CEL|NNP|O 
 Input|input|NN|O  ChIP-Seq|chip-seq|NN|Technique 
 FNR|fnr|SYM|O  -|-|:|O  ∆|∆|CD|Gtype  hns|hn|NNS|Gtype  ∆|∆|VBP|Gtype  stpA|stpa|NN|Gtype  A|a|NN|O 
 treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  :|:|:|O  250|250|CD|Supp  uM|um|NN|Supp  of|of|IN|Supp  paraquat|paraquat|NN|Supp  at|at|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  for|for|IN|O  20|20|CD|Supp  min|min|NN|Supp 
 Fur|Fur|NNP|O  IP|IP|NNP|O  ChIP-Seq|ChIP-Seq|NNP|Technique  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  B|b|NN|O 
 Cra|Cra|NNP|O  acetate|acetate|NN|Supp  2|2|CD|O 
 ArgR|argr|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  Arginine|arginine|NN|Supp  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O 
 treatment|treatment|NN|O  :|:|:|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Med  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Med  2|2|CD|Med  g/L|g/l|NN|Med  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  W2|w2|NN|Med  medium|medium|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  2g/L|2g/l|NN|Supp  glutamine|glutamine|NN|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 chip-ArcA|chip-arca|NN|O  _|_|CD|O  ArcA8myc|arca8myc|NN|Gtype  _|_|CD|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  NH4CL|nh4cl|NN|Supp  _|_|CD|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  _|_|NN|O  1|1|CD|O 
 ΔgadE|δgade|NN|Gtype  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  2|2|CD|O 
 culture|culture|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|Air  cultures|culture|NNS|O 
 growth|growth|NN|O  condition|condition|NN|O  :|:|:|O  Adenine|Adenine|NNP|Supp 
 Escherichia|escherichia|FW|O  coli|coli|FW|O  ,|,|,|O  expressing|express|VBG|O  NsrR|nsrr|NN|Gtype  with|with|IN|O  a|a|DT|O  C-terminal|c-terminal|JJ|O  Flag-tag|flag-tag|NN|Gtype  ,|,|,|O  was|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  in|in|IN|O  L|L|NNP|Med  broth|broth|NN|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  glucose|glucose|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|O  nitrate|nitrate|VBP|Supp  .|.|.|O 
 Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  4|4|CD|Supp  µM|µm|NN|Supp  IPTG|iptg|NN|Supp  and|and|CC|Supp  300|300|CD|Supp  µL|µl|NN|Supp  Cm20|cm20|NN|Supp  anaerobically|anaerobically|RB|Air  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|Air  95|95|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  N2|n2|NN|Air  and|and|CC|Air  5|5|CD|Air  %|%|NN|Air  CO2|co2|NN|Air  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|Air  until|until|IN|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  OD600|od600|NN|OD  of|of|IN|OD  0.3|0.3|CD|OD  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  and|and|CC|O  treated|treat|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  volumen|voluman|NNS|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  ten|ten|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  .|.|.|O  Sodium|sodium|NN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  -LRB-|-lrb-|-LRB-|O  1/100|1/100|CD|O  vol|vol|NN|O  .|.|.|O  of|of|IN|O  1M|1m|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  pH|ph|NN|O  7.6|7.6|CD|O  ;|;|:|O  10|10|CD|O  mM|mm|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  -RRB-|-rrb-|-RRB-|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  the|the|DT|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|O  cultures|culture|NNS|O  followed|follow|VBN|O  by|by|IN|O  formaldehyde|formaldehyde|NN|O  to|to|TO|O  1|1|CD|O  %|%|NN|O  final|final|JJ|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  continued|continue|VBN|O  for|for|IN|O  10|10|CD|O  min|min|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cold|Cold|NNP|O  2.5|2.5|CD|O  M|m|NN|O  glycine|glycine|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  added|add|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  100mM|100mm|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  the|the|DT|O  mixture|mixture|NN|O  was|be|VBD|O  incubated|incubate|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  4|4|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  with|with|IN|O  anaerobic|anaerobic|JJ|O  sparging|sparging|NN|O  for|for|IN|O  30|30|CD|O  minutes|minute|NNS|O  to|to|TO|O  stop|stop|VB|O  the|the|DT|O  crosslinking|crosslinking|NN|O  .|.|.|O  Cells|cell|NNS|O  were|be|VBD|O  spun|spin|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  5000|5000|CD|O  x|x|CC|O  g|g|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  washed|wash|VBN|O  repeatedly|repeatedly|RB|O  with|with|IN|O  phosphate|phosphate|NN|O  buffered|buffer|VBN|O  saline|saline|NN|O  before|before|IN|O  being|be|VBG|O  frozen|freeze|VBN|O  at|at|IN|O  -80|-80|CD|O  °C|°c|NN|O  .|.|.|O 
 ChIP-exo|ChIP-exo|NNP|Technique  GadW|gadw|NN|O  pH5|ph5|NN|pH  .5|.5|CD|pH  1|1|CD|O 
 Genome|Genome|NNP|O  _|_|NNP|O  build|build|VB|O  :|:|:|O  NC|nc|NN|Gversion  _|_|CD|Gversion  000913.2|000913.2|CD|Gversion 
 E.|E.|NNP|O  coli|coli|NN|O  K-12|k-12|NN|O  MG1655|mg1655|NN|O  WT|WT|NNP|O  ,|,|,|O  and|and|CC|O  Δcra|Δcra|NNP|O  were|be|VBD|O  grown|grow|VBN|O  to|to|TO|O  mid-log|mid-log|JJ|Phase  phase|phase|NN|Phase  aerobically|aerobically|RB|Air  at|at|IN|O  37|37|CD|Temp  °C|°c|NN|Temp  in|in|IN|O  M9|m9|NN|Med  minimal|minimal|JJ|Med  media|media|NNS|Med  supplemented|supplement|VBN|O  with|with|IN|O  0.2|0.2|CD|Supp  %|%|NN|Supp  glucose|glucose|NN|O  ,|,|,|O  fructose|fructose|NN|O  and|and|CC|O  acetate|acetate|NN|O  .|.|.|O